My daughters have Russian spouses.
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Major events (political and historical)
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Displaying 36661 - 36690 of 50826 results
Frieda Rudometova
My older daughter Yelizaveta Zakurakina finished the Pharmaceutical Faculty in Kherson.
Nathalia finished a Trade School and works in a big shopping center.
My husband died at the time of revival of the Jewish life in Ukraine and Kherson. I began to socialize with Jews, go to the synagogue. I observe Jewish traditions and light a candle on Sabbath. I’ve got new friends among the clients and employees of the Hesed in Kherson. I attend the Day Center in Hesed every week. I get to know about the Jewish history, culture and about Israel. After a recent surgery I have problems with my right hand, and a visiting nurse from the Hesed helps me around.
While my husband was working, I had a good life. I only traveled to Kiev or Sevastopol to visit grandmother, but I couldn’t afford a vacation on the seashore or a health center.
After perestroika [20], I receive a small pension for my husband since I hadn’t worked enough to have my own pension. I also lease one room to students. My daughters are well provided for, but they need to support their children.
I like today’s living, when Jews have opportunities to live community life and they are not ashamed of their nationality and do not fear to hear the word ‘zhydovka’ like I did.
My granddaughter Tatiana studied in Israel under an educational program. She likes this country and is eager to go there.
Zinoviy Rukinglaz
There was no Jewish cemetery in Kustanai – there were no Jews there before the war. My mother was buried in the town cemetery and y father recited a prayer over her grave.
In spring 1944 we heard about the liberation of Kherson and my father began to prepare to go back home. My father didn’t wait for the permission for reevacuation. He quit the factory, and in early June 1944 we returned to Kherson. Our house was not there any longer: a bomb hit it directly and destroyed. Grunia’s apartment was all right.
Grunia’s husband Yefim perished at the front in October 1941, Grunia managed to have her apartment back being a widow of a veteran of the war.
My father went to see chief of militia Medvedev whose wife was his client before the war and obtained a residential permit [18] immediately. We were registered as tenants of Grunia’s apartment. Some time later we were accommodated in the house the owners of which, Jews, were shot by fascists in Kherson. We lived in a small room and the corridor and shared the kitchen with our co-tenant.
I went to work as an electrician at the shoe factory.
My father also continued his work, but after my mother’s death he became sickly and down. He often went to the synagogue. There was one small synagogue in Podpolnaya Street operating in Kherson. He prayed in the mornings like he used to do before, and lit candles on Friday.
In December 1945 my father was paralyzed and bed-ridden. I understood that he didn’t have much time ahead of him and tried to please him as much as I could. I managed to prepare a real celebration of Pesach in 1946: I bought matzah at the synagogue and Grunia cooked traditional Jewish food. This was the last time I celebrated this holiday with my father.
My great grandfather, my grandfather Zelik’s father, was a merchant.
Grandfather Zelik owned a tea house and a tavern at the central market. My grandmother, whose name I don’t know, was a housewife like the majority of Jewish women, and helped my grandfather in his tea house. My grandfather hired employees: waiters and dish wash women, etc.
Abram got a traditional Jewish education and finished cheder and then became an apprentice of a shoemaker, but then he switched to revolutionary activities.
Abram got a traditional Jewish education and finished cheder and then became an apprentice of a shoemaker, but then he switched to revolutionary activities. During the revolution of 1917 [3] he was a member of the Bolshevik Party and joined the Red army. In the early 1920s Abram went to work in the VChK (the All-Union Emergency Commission for fighting the counterrevolution), and then had leading positions in the Kherson NKVD [4]. In the early 1930s he got a transfer to Moscow. Arrests in the 1930s [5] had no impact on him, probably he was one of those who decided about the life of others.
We lived in the Jewish surrounding: there were 12 Jewish families of 13 families living in the house.
My parents spoke Russian in the family and only switched to Yiddish, when they didn’t want us to understand the subject of their discussion.
In 1930 I went to a Russian school. There was one Jewish school left in the town, but it was far from where we lived. There were children of different nationalities in my class: Russian, Ukrainian, Jewish and Greek. We got along well. However, there was one anti-Semitic incident with me. I was in the 7th form, I think. I liked geography and wanted to become a traveler, but that time I didn’t do my homework. My teacher called me to the blackboard, but I told her honestly that I wasn’t prepared to the class. The teacher knew that I was an industrious pupil and didn’t put me a bad mark. Then she called a Ukrainian boy, but rather than telling her honestly that he wasn’t prepared he began to wriggle answering something irrelevant to the subject. She put him a bad mark and when going to his desk he said that she didn’t put me a bad mark because I was a ‘cunning zhyd”. The teacher, who was Ukrainian, called both of us to the blackboard and asked the class: ‘which of them is cunning: the Jewish boy who honestly said that he wasn’t ready for the class, or the Ukrainian boy who was trying to tell me a lie?’ The class kept silent, but I had a feeling that they were on my side. I had a valid excuse for coming to the class unprepared. My mother was seriously ill and was in hospital and I visited her there every day across the town.
During the famine in 1932-33 [15] my mother received rationed food that she shared with us.
I remember the period of famine well. I was responsible for buying bread. I usually stayed overnight in a wooden booth at the market to be the first in the line. Once adult men pushed me out of the line from the store and though I asked them to let me in they didn’t. On that day our family didn’t get any bread and we were hungry. The bread was sticky and gray. I had the Botkin’s disease recently, and had stomach ache after eating this bread. At times we had little buns at school and one teacher who was our neighbor gave me hers.
I remember the period of famine well. I was responsible for buying bread. I usually stayed overnight in a wooden booth at the market to be the first in the line. Once adult men pushed me out of the line from the store and though I asked them to let me in they didn’t. On that day our family didn’t get any bread and we were hungry. The bread was sticky and gray. I had the Botkin’s disease recently, and had stomach ache after eating this bread. At times we had little buns at school and one teacher who was our neighbor gave me hers.
I studied well. I became a pioneer and participated in minor pioneer activities. I had missed two years of school due to malaria that I had and I was older than my classmates. I was fond of geography and attended a geography club in the house of pioneers.
Sometimes I accompanied my father to the club of craftsmen where my father attended a choir studio.
I didn’t have many friends. I was a homey boy and liked long family evenings, when my father was sewing and my mother was reading newspapers or magazines aloud.
I went to parades with my school mates on 1 May and 7 November [16], and there were meetings at school on these days. We didn’t celebrate these holidays at home. We couldn’t afford such celebrations and besides, my father spent all his time working.
From the early 1930s my father was a member of the tailors’ shop ‘The friends of children’ that in 1937 became the ‘Bolshevichka’ factory. In 1937 [Great Terror] its director Roitman, a Jewish man, was arrested, and then his successor Fitelevich, a Russian man, was also arrested. My father was very concerned and couldn’t sleep at night fearing an arrest since in those years many of his friends who were craftsmen and took part in the revolution of 1917 were arrested, only they were members of the Bolshevik Party and held official posts while my father remained a worker, which probably saved him from arrest. Or perhaps, the NKVD chiefs whose wives were my father’s clients decided to let him be.
On the morning of 22 June 1941 I was playing football with other boys in our yard. It was a bright sunny day. The windows ere open and the radio broadcast Soviet songs. At 12 o’clock the music stopped and Molotov [17] made a speech. So we heard that the war began.
My older brothers Yakov, Mikhail, Grigoriy and Alexandr were recruited to the army.