The life of the Jewish community is reviving in our city nowadays. Jewish holidays are solemnly celebrated in the best city halls. I receive food parcels on holidays from the 'Eve' Jewish charitable organization and I attend cultural events that they organize.
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Displaying 9451 - 9480 of 50826 results
Galina Shkolnikova
In the beginning my grandparents lived in the town of Berislav [150 km west of Kiev]. They had seven children and their first child, a girl, died as an infant. After that my father Idel was born, then Sarah, David, Isaac, Abram, Revekka and Rakhil. Grandfather Mordekhay worked in Nikopol, Southern Ukraine, as a log storage manager and had a house with a big garden on the bank of the Dnepr river. During the NEP [1] he organized a swimming pool and a boat-house in the garden, where his younger sons Isaac and Abram worked as boatmen.
My grandparents tried to provide education for their children. The two older sons graduated from the commercial school in Nikopol; the younger sons didn't manage to study there and finished Soviet schools, but all the seven boys got higher education.
My grandparents' mother tongue was Yiddish, but they spoke Russian in the family. They switched to Yiddish when they wanted to conceal something from the children or the maids. The boys studied Hebrew, probably in cheder. I don't know if the girls studied Hebrew. They all - grandfather, grandmother and their children - spoke very good Ukrainian.
roman reznikov
Pavel was the director of the biggest knitwear factory in Ukraine.
They evacuated to Chimkent where Pavel was the manager of big light industry enterprises.
In 1918, during a pogrom, when bandits broke into the house Srul stood up to protect his father Moisey. He was severely wounded and died after two or three days in hospital.
After the Revolution Boris worked at a construction site and then he got a job assignment from the Komsomol [9] authorities in some commercial business. Before the war he was the director of a big store in Kiev.
He was recruited to the army in the first days of the war. He was wounded and was awarded medals and orders. He finished the war in Austria. He returned to Kiev to join his wife Sonia and his daughter Mara. The war impacted Boris' character dramatically. He used to be a sociable man before the war, but after the war he became nervous and irritable.
My father's youngest brother Emil Reznik was born in 1916. After technical school Emil entered the Kiev Institute of Light Industry.
During the war Emil was in the army and his service was on the border where he stayed for a long time. His family didn't hear from him for quite a while and they thought he was gone. But he happened to come out of the encirclement and afterwards he continued to serve in the army for a long time. Later he became a teacher at the tank school in Chimkent.
,
During WW2
See text in interview
After the war he lectured at the Kiev tank school.
Jewish families always support one another. Older people always help younger ones and the younger support their aging parents. It was the same in our family. When it was time for Boris and Emil to go to school, their parents couldn't manage it and their older sister Anna took them into her family. Pavel Shoihet, her husband, was a well-known man in Kiev and he made good money and could afford to support his relatives.
My parents got married in 1927. They had a real Jewish wedding with a chuppah and all other Jewish traditions. Men were sitting at the tables that were laid specifically for them. There was wine from Moldova and a lot of delicious food. My mother told me that there were many guests and they invited rabbis from the surrounding towns. The women were sitting separately. There were many children and everybody enjoyed the celebration.
My mother's sister Mina, who lived in Astrakhan then, invited my mother and father to come and live with her and promised to support them. My father went to Astrakhan and began to learn photography from Mina's husband. My mother joined him there shortly afterwards.
My father was already working at the photo shop at this time. He liked his job but he wasn't paid well. My mother had to take on all kinds of work to support the family. She worked as a deactivation assistant with Mina for some time, and then she worked as a cashier at the cinema. Some time before the war she learned to saw and got a job at a tailor's shop.
We rented a big 36 square meter room from a dentist. I have vivid memories of this room as far as the dentist's office was in the same building. We had only few pieces of furniture. That was why my grandparents' house in Gaisin seemed so grand to me.
My mother and father went to work and I stayed home alone. I went to the yard. There were many other children of various nationalities - Russian, Jewish, Tatar and Ukrainian. We were all friends. We were all Soviet children and never discussed any issues related to the origin of people. We didn't even know the word 'zhyd' [kike]. There was often a mother that stayed at home on this or that day and she invited all children to have a bite to eat. So did my mother when she had a day off.
The Jewish community in Astrakhan was small. However, there was a synagogue, and my parents went there on holidays. I can't say that our family was particularly religious, but my mother tried not to forget the Jewish holidays and traditions. There was always matzah at home at Pesach and we had guests: Aunt Mina and her husband and sons. But that was all about the Jewish way of life in our family. My parents went to work on Saturday, as this was an ordinary working day in the country. My mother was a religious woman. She observed the fasting at Yom Kippur until her last days.
But at that time, in the 1930s, my parents were real Soviet people. They were interested in everything that was happening in the country: the five-year plans [10], collective farms and the Soviet holidays. I was growing up with these Soviet ideas like many others.
I started school in 1937. This was an ordinary school. There were children of many nationalities. Since my childhood history has been my biggest interest. I read a lot. I wasn't very good at mathematics or physics. I borrowed books from the library and often read at night. My mother told me off for doing so - she thought it was bad for my eyes. But I loved reading and it was my hobby.
, Ukraine
I also liked sports and went in for track and field athletics.
, Ukraine
Moisey's family was very religious: they observed all Jewish traditions and laws, followed the kashrut, celebrated Sabbath and all religious holidays.
My grandfather's family had a very tragic history. In 1928, during the Soviet regime, some bandits with weapons broke into their house and killed everybody there. They killed my great-grandfather Nuhim Reznik, my great-grandmother Reizl, Hontia and Feiga and my grandfather's younger brother Tsyunia. Only my grandfather Moisey and his sister Sheva, who both lived in Kiev at the time, survived. The loss of his parents and sisters was always an open wound for my grandfather. He couldn't bear the thought that he had been away and couldn't protect his loved ones.
In those years my grandparents' family lived in a Jewish collective farm [8] near Nikopol. My grandfather and grandmother moved to this collective farm, giving up their business in Gaisin to be able to give education to their younger children, Boris and Emil. The reason was that only children of workers and peasants could study at school. The authorities were reluctant to accept children of richer parents, that is merchants or bourgeois, to Soviet schools.
My grandmother Maria's family was more secular. Theirs was a rich house and they always had guests. It was always very noisy and there was music - they had a record player and records.
In 1910 he moved his family to the town of Gaisin and started his own business. He had a partner and they bought a mill to grind grain and sell their products. His business was a success and they could even afford to buy a small house.
There were five children in the family. Anna, born in 1900, was the oldest. She finished a secondary school and entered Odessa Medical Institute. She had to give it up in 1920 since traveling became too dangerous because of all kinds of bandits around.
She met a commanding officer in the Red army. He was a Jew. His name was Pavel Shoihet and she married him.
Their family was rather well-to-do, but my grandparents' children went to work anyway when they were still young.