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There was a German commander office in Tomashpol. Germans appointed a Ukrainian and Jewish senior men. There was Ukrainian police. There was a Jewish community established that included a Jewish senior man and his assistants responsible for keeping order in the ghetto and making lists for work or concentration camps. In late July 1941 Germans ordered all Jews to come to live in 2 central streets in Tomashpol. Our house was within the boundaries of the ghetto. There was another family there was a husband, a wife and two children. The husband Shymon Ryzhi was a hat maker. They were staying in uncle Moshe’s room. The ghetto was not fenced with barbed wire then. There was security guard with dogs and inmates of the ghetto were not allowed to leave the ghetto, but there were no restrictions for non-Jewish population: they could walk freely in the town and in the ghetto. Some Ukrainian policemen were even crueler than Germans. They were afraid of Germans and wanted to please them to survive. Some of Ukrainian residents that knew our family brought us some milk or bread knocking on our door late at night.
Period
Interview
Arkadi Yurkovetski